Burglar-alarm system.



M. F. JURUIGS.l BURGLAR ALARM SYSTEM.; APPLICATION FILED A UG. 1s, 1907.

LSQQ@ Patented Sept. 17, 1912.

ATTORNEYS cation in which similar characters` oi rot- I i u `provide an alarm beil having both an elec- .Macally-operated meane and a mechanicaliy-l y close the circuit lot the eleetricaliy-operated .cally-operating mechanism for ringing,` it,

i a wenn 't'twt i .titi-i. .it i

MAXIMLIAN F, J'UR'UICK. F NEW YORELVN. Y., SSIGNR, MESNE PLSSIGNMENTS, TG ELECTRIC BANK EROTETXON COMPANY, A CORPORTION 3F DELVJRE.

BU'RGLAIFWALARLV SYSTEM.

inocente.

To all vola/)m if may concern.

lie it known that if, Maxinniignv F. Jifniiicn, a citizen ol: the United States, and .a residentA of the city et iilew York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and Stateof New York7 have invented a new and lin# proved B11i'glai'iilaiin System, of which` the following is a full, clear, and exact descrip-- tion.

This invention rclateel to burglar aiarin Systems and particularly those alarm Syeteins which. are started in operatioi by the closing ort' an electric circuit.

The object oi the invention ie to provide nica-ns w iereby either the breaking of a cir cuit or the closing of a circuit will operate the alarin. bell, and the bell when once started cannot be stopped save by one familiar with the operating nieehanienl.

A further object of the invention is to operated mea osier ringing it, the inechanically-operated ineens eine; normally heid locked-by a. closed circuit and adapted to ineens tipon the starting oi. the mechanica1ly-operated ineans.

A farther object oit' the invention is to provide an alarm bell lntving a mechanisaid mechanism being held in a locked position by a closed circuit, and having means whereby the batteries of the ciosed circuit may be tested without unlocking the Inechan ical movement-and ringing the bell.

,A further object of the invention is to `provide means whereby it is impossible to intel-tercio any way with the bell or its operating parte without either closing one circuit or breaking another, eithero which would Start the boil in opei.'ation.` l

A further object of the invention is to provide `an improved hammer for ringing the alarm bell, said hammer having an improved mounting whereby it is adapted to rotate and anton'iatically withdraw trom the bell after Striking it on each revolution.

Further objects and advantages for the improved construction will be hereinafter described and pointed ont in the claims,

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specifi- Specification of Letters 'Patent Appicaton tiled august 1.6, X907'. eriel No.

,ijn/tentent tient. it "E, 1912.

eiserne.

erence indicate corresponding parts in all the ligeros, in which-W f Figure fl a diagrammatic illustration of my improved burglar aiarni syeteni; and Fig. 2 is a detail showing the specific forni ol.2 rotating hammer which preferably ernploy. Fig. 3 is a detail view illustrating more particularly the construction and ar rangen'ient of the main switch key and the .elat'ion thereto of the testing-circuit spring terminals.

The alarm portion 'of .my improved system preferably comprises av metal. casing 1., having an inner metal casing Q epaoed and insulatedv th.erefroni,and lwithin this inner casing is located the heli 3 and the operating mechanism.therefor. This operating mechanism cointnrises,L first, an electrically-operated hammer 4i, the details of the operating mechanism of which are inciosed within a casing' 5 and are not iilnstinted in detail as the construction and operi tion of such mechanism is weit known. eiectrirmily-operated hammer et, provide a second hammer 6 adapted to be operated by suitable clockwork other mechanical movement. Ae illustrated, the ham-mer is pirated on a Shaft 7, carrying a Wheel 8 hav.- ing a notch or projection on the outer snrface thereof and adapted to engage with the end oir a pivoted lever 9. l connected by any Sl'sitable chain of gear wheels to a coil spring it), whereby the shaft 7 may be rotated and the hammer revotved about it as an axis.

htonnted adjacent the chain of gear wheels is an electro-magnet il having an armature l2 secured to the pivotcd lever 9. and providediwith a spring norinaily tending to draw the armature away' troni the electroai'iagne't. T he electroanagnet is connected directly' to the battery and conetitutes a part o: the cioeed circuit, whereb)r in addition to the' The shaft 7 .isA

the armatnreis heid against the core of the magnet and the upper end of the pivoted lever 9 is held 1n engagement with the notch or projection on the Wheel 8; thus the eloclc work is locked 4in position and prevented from operating unt-ii the current o't' electrici eritient that the hammer would be stopped by its contact with the bell or merely gre-,ze it as it rota-ted and not strike preferably construct this arm of two yerts .le enti l5, one of which is rigidly ,ecuretl to the 7, While vthe other is rigidly securerl to the hammer 6. The two members are secured together by pin ltS and two stops 17 and 18 are provitletl on the member i to limit the 1notion oone member in respect to the other. i coil spring 19 is provided on the shaft 7 anti hes one enel secured to the member 15, enti. the other enel contacting with the side or tl" timber ifi. The action. of the spring 'teorie to keep the two members of the erin et ril" 'Y ongles to each other end thus e length ot the erm, so that the .luy freely pese the bell 1without.

fs the herinner begins rotatif, centrifugal ibrce erin the ecltl, :intl the stop l8- per e n; ernennt oi' strengt tenhe hammer 5i iney'strilce the Soon es it strikes the bell, the rotation of theA hammer is de to such an extent that the spring lEl again snorens the arm and brings the. hammer ont of Contact with the bell, whereupon it may rotate. through a second revo* .lotion and again be straightened by centrifugal torce to an extent vhich peri'nits ot' its contacting` with the bell.

The casing l, containing the bell enfl opersting mechanism, is preferably placed noon the outside of the building to be pro tet'ies locatetlwitin the Vault or in any other snitslle place, by a cable 20, prefer ably of met'l and containing a plurality oi. wires by `which the mechanism Within the.

5o casing l, is brought into action. Two Sepe-- rote lepentlent batteries or sets ot -c provided, one of which coni circuit enel the other the The latter 2l has one side nnectecl by e, wire 22 to the metal incl the oppositeienfl of the able. that Within the casing l, is con to e wire 23 which extentie buch better through the outer enel, Whi h letter as the Wire E25, direct from the s connected to the electro-ningwhich holds the mechanical moven its locked position. 'the battery 2l 2, it with snlicient force to properlyV ring it.

:t piyot 'Would the cutting of the cable.

and theelermbell rung.

`eil snel is connected through'to the bet-` to the electro-magnet- 11, and then back to A the battery throughl the Wire 25. Should any one attempt to disconnect the alarm bell from the batteries by cutting the cable 20, this would break the circuit to the electro'rmagnet ll and start the mechanical movement and the hammer 6 in operation. Should a person attempt to cut the Wires Within the cable Without entirely severing the latter, the cutting of the fire 23 or the Wire 24, 'would start the mechanical niove-` ment in operation in the same manner as lt is essential that the battery 2l should be maintained at fullV strength at all times, for should the battery become exhausted. the mechanical movement would be starten I therefore provide a second or reserve battery 267 :mtl provide ineens whereby either battery may be connected to the electro-magnet il anti,

the other1 battery testecl :intl whereby neither battery can be disconnected Without the previousconnecting of the other battery. 'lo :accomplish this, l connect one side ot each of the batteries to the Wire 22 lending to the. electro-magnet ll .and connect the opposite. side ot each battery to two contacts 27 and 28. From these two con tects Wires 29 and 30 lead to the two terminals 3l 3Q. A key A83 is connected to the enel of the Wire leerling to the electro magnet l1, and the opposite enel of the key is ot suficient Width to span both ot' the terminals Blfencl 32. lllhen the key is in the position shown in the drawings, thc current may flow from the battery 2l., through the content 28, the Wire 30, the terminal 3:2 end the ltey tof the Wire 2.3, While if the lrey is shifted to the opposite position, the current could then How from the battery 2t', through the contact QT, Wire Q9, terminal 3l and key 33 to the Wire 25,

but as the key is of a greater Width than the distance between the two terminals 3l and 32', it is evident that .upon shifting the key one buttery is not clisconnected 'until aft-er contact hasA been matie with the other terminal and the other battery thrown into circuit. f

Above the two contacts 27 anni 28 are located two spring terminals 34 enel 35, enti each of these is connected to an ammeter 36, the other wire from which is connected to the Wire 22. vWhen the lrey is in the ,positionl shown, the battery 2l is .in circuit and the strength ot the buttery 26 Vmary be tested by pressing clown 'npon the insulated handle end oit the key to bring the spring contact 34 against the Contact 2i'. The current from the battery 2G may then tlow vthrough the ter nels 537 :intl Sie to the nmmeter 3G,

i not maarja-it d the required work, a new battery may he eubetituled before the key moved to eut out the battery 2i. Wrhen the key' ie in the opposite position, the battery- QG would be connected to the electro-.magnet l1, and upon pressing down the rear end of the .hey the'contaete l5 and :'28 would he brought together and the strength or' the battery 2l could thus be tested. ltl will thus loe-noted that the etrenzggth Yof either battery may be tested by the pressing of the rear end of the hey when the other battery is doing the required work', and xsone battery eanbe disconnected until after the other hai; been connected the continued supply oit current to the. electremiagnet ll of the mechanical moreiuent appears to he thorongl lv insured.

lllxtending tlirfnigli the cable 20 and in addition to the.wires 23, 241; and Q5, are three additional wiree 37, 38 and 35), through which no current normally flows. The' wire 39 is connected at one end directly to the operating mechanism for-controlling the hammer il: and :is connected the opnoeite end directly with one sideq tor instance, the earhon side, o the lurttery 4t). This wire Si) also provided with a pluralit'tT of branch wires leading -lo alll of the different pointe about the building. the doore, windowe, and casing et the alarm bell at which it deeired to indicate the presence et an intruder. Ae :showin one branch fil. connects to the casing of the vault and to other points about the buildy a Second branch 4:2 extends to a conadjacent the lever il ot' the mechanical nuwe-usent, and another branch #til leads linnn l1 an .insulated oi'ieuing in the inner easing il and contacts with the outer cae-inn' Il. The wire 3l is provided with branches terminating; closely ndjacent each of the brauchen troni the wire ill und adapted to he placed in contact with tlie'said branches by the intruder while i:ltteuiptiuur to gain :uhuissimi or interfere with the alarm systetn. fle showin a brunch 44 leads to various points about the building, a. braueh -lconmiunirates with a collar 1.-t=.uroundingv the cable il() and inei'ilal'ed tlufrelroin ut the \ault end: another branch Alll conuuunieates with a collar surroululinter the 'able at the :ila-.rin end and also with the inner casing' ik, :Vin-1l a hint brunch 4l' ltermlnues :it a spring ronluct adjacent the Spring contact ol the branch lil of the wire 2li). The wire CY' leads lo lue battery l0, but on its way passes* through the coils olE au electro-umgnet if* und to a contact il adjaceni :i pirotcd er 53) carried by the traine ."l ot the e;cetro-imagnet, which latter is eonnifcted the through the drill to the outer Casing and haelt to the battery through the branch' 43j by a wireto the zinc side of the battery. The pivoted lerer 50 vis held in engagement with the contact 4l) by the armature of the eleetrodnagnet. The wire 38 which ex.

-tends throughout the length of the cable 2 0,

communicates directly with the operatingr ineclianism of the hammer :t 1n the alarm calling and terminates at a Contact 54 ad# ulaeent the A,uvoted lever but normally out of Contact therewith.

The cable Qt) passes through the wall of the vault and through the outer wall ot' the easing.;` around the alarm hell and is normally inv contactA with both. Alach endof the cable, is rnrovided with a collar 55 rigidly secured thereto, and held out of engagement .with the collars 56 and 57 to which the branches l5 and 4G are connected. These collars 56. and 57 are out of contact with the cable and are supported upon suitable insulating blocks. l springs are provided to Separate the insulated blocks and the collars 55.

As the circuit from the battery 40 is open at all times save when, the alarm signal opera-ted, it evident that the mechanism above described for testing the strength of 'the batteries 2l and 26, and for insuring a current, need not he resorted to. The batter;7 4,0 may 'be renioif'ed and replaced at will, and the strength thereof tested by an ammeter 58.

-.ln the operation of this portion of my improved alarm system auyattempt on the part of a burglar to enter the building or interfere 'with the operation of the mechanisinv within the casing i wouldr serve to close a circuit between the wires 3T' and 39, which would energize the electrirnxai'rnet 48 and calme the arm 5() to drop onto the contact 5ft and place the electrically-onerated inechanisn'i 'for the bell in circuit and start its operation. lt a' person should attempt could then llow .from the wire 37. through l'irzu'ich fill to the inner cosine, and

and wire 3S). lt? he should pull. on' either end ot the cable it would bring one ol the collars into engagement with the collare t or 57, and the circuit would be closed between the wires 37 and 3) by means of the branches t5 and L1G and the outer easing l. .lt one of the wires ot the closed circuit which holds the mechanical movement in.

its locked position, should be out.I the pivoted lever 9 in moving` backward under the influence of the Spring would force the two fonlaets adjacent thereto, into engagement with each other and the Circuit would be closed between the wires 37 and 39 through the branches 42 und 27. The closing of a circuit by any`l oit the .ineens above referred to or by any other means, would Serve to vto drill through the two casinos, the current l izs would iirst be' sent by the closing ot any ol;

the contacts, passes through the automatic drop, including the electro-magnet 48, and the connection betwef Y this Wire and the battery is broken the instant the drop operates, it is evident that itwould be impossiblefor a burglar 'to send in a strong current, for instance, from an electric lighting circuit, to ruin the batteries, for the instant that such a current Was' sent in through the Wires 37 or 39, or any of their branches, the electro-magnet 48 would immediately shut oit' said current and start the alarm bell in operation.- I the burglar attempted to send in a strong current through the wires 38 and 39 to ruin the batteries, such current would never reach the battery, as the Wire 38 is normally deadand is only connected to the battery after the automatic drop has performedits function. It' the burglar Were familiar with the alarm system'cmployed and should attempt to sever either of the wires 37, 38 or 39 to prevent the electricallyoperated portion ot the signal from starting When the circuit is closed, he might partially sever the cable Q0, 'but as there are six wires Within the cable and the severing of any one of three ot these, namely, Wires Q3,

Q4 and 25, would not only serve to free thev mechanically-operated portion ot the alarm, but this would in turn close the circuit and start the electrically-operated portion. It would be practically impossible for the burglar to pick out the wires 37. 38 and 39 and sever them without severine' at least one ot' the three Wires Q3, Q4 and Q5; but even the-ugh the burglar were successful in pickingl out the wires 37, 3S and 39, it isevident t'iat either the wire 3l or the Wire 25 from the closed circuit may be arranged adjacent the various doors and windows of the buildin .el and in a position to be broken upon the entering of any one through these doors or Windows. Thus the breaking; of the circuit would start the mechanically-operated portion ot the alarm in motion. It in attempth inf; to sever the wires 37, 38: or 39 Without severing the wires '23, Q-i er 25, the `luirglar should accidentally sever ont-eJ of the latter and immediately unite the ends ot the severed wire, the mechanically-operated hammer would instantly cease its operation, but the stopping` et the mechanically-operated hammer by the closing; ot the circuit would not serve lo stop the electrically-operated hammmf, which would be started simultaneously, for the second the armature of the electro--n'iagrnet li is released it brings the two contacts'o't the branches ft2 and eil' together and the lever 5() at the automatic drop closes the circuit between the lever 50 and the Wire 4S), and the electrically-oper- 'ated hammer starts in motion. The stop- Would have no eii'ect upon the electricallyoperated one, for as soon as the electricallyoperated hammer starts in motion, the Wire 37 and all the branches thereof immediately ecoime disconnected :trom the battery and It is evident that various attachments may be used in connection With the system above described, as for instance, means for as the alarm bell is operated, or for automatically cutting the alarm out yof circuit during the daytime, orl providing means for operating the bell to indicate the hours ot' the day, or more particularly, the noon hour.

made in the construction and operation of the mechanismabove described Without departing from the spirit-of my invention.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. An alarm system, 'comprising a bellalarm, an electrically-operated hammer for said bell-alarm, `a mcchanically-operated 'hammer for said bell-alarm, a normally- Aopen electric circuit, a normally-closedfelec-` tric circuitthe electrically-operated llammer being controlled by said normally-open circuit, whereby the closing of said open ,circuit loperates the electricallyoperated hammer, and the mechanically-operated hammer being controlled by said normallyclosed circuit, and means whereby the opening of the closed circuit closes the open circuit and thereby operates the velectricallyoperated hammer.

2A An alarm system, comprising a bell, an electrically-operated hammer adjacent thereto, a normally-open electric circuit, the operating mechanism of said hammer forni- 'ing aportion of said normally-open electric circuit, whereby the closing of said open circuit operates the electrically-operated hammer, a normally-closed electric circuit, a mechanically-operated hammer adjacent the bell and having means for normally holding' it in a locked position, said means constituting a portion ot said normally-closed circuit, and means whereby the opening of the closed circuit closes the open circuit and thereby operates the electrically-operated hammer.

3. In an alarm system, a hammer for sounding an alarm bell, a mechanical movement i'or operating said hammer, a normally-closed electric circuit, means for lool*- ing said mechanical movement in vposition to hold said hammer from operation, said means being controlled by said normallyclosed electric circuit, a normally-open electric circuit, an electrically-operated hammer for sounding an alarm bell, said electrically- It is evident that various changes may be ping of the mechanically-operated hammer turning a switchto illuminate the building intrecci operated hummer heilig controlled by scid normally-open el@ tric circuit. and nieces whereby the opening of the eloeett circuit closes the open circuit.

e. An alarm sye'tem, comprising; e. bell, e hammer located adjacent thereto, e mechanicel n'ioven'ient for operating seid hammer, normally-closed electric circuit, means l'or locking,- scid mechanical movement in position to hold Said hammer from operation, Seid means being; eon'iprieed in seid closed circuit, e normallyopen electric circuit, electrically-operated hammer :,uljticent the hell :ind forming;V :i portion et .field normally open circuit, und means whereby the closing ot' the open circuit' or the opening of the closed circuit starte the electrically-operated hammer' in operationn 5. lin :in alarm system, e,` hemmer 'for Sounding an alarm hell, e mechanical move ment for operating seid hammer, a normally-closed electric circuit, meent; for lock ing seid niechzinicel movement in position to hold said hummer from operation, Said means comprising en electro-magnet in Seid normullyhcloeed electric circuit, e normzillyf openelectric circuit, an electrically-opercted hammer for Sounding un clarin bell, seid elcctricellyhopere ted hammer being controlled 'by seidnorncilly-open electric circuit, and ineens whereby the opening of the closed circuit closes: the open circuit.

5. An alarm system, comprising e bell, e mech-inicellybperatecl hammer and en electricallybperetetl hammer 'adjacent thereto,

- en outer end im inner casing surrounding l seid hell and hemn'iers,

a normally-open electric circuit coi pricing seid und inner ceenge is whereby the electri cally-operated. henmier may be started in operettion by the cloeing; out' Said circuit, en open-circuit connection with sind normallyopen electric circ-nity and ineens whereby upon the operation oi the mechemcelly-opf crateri hammer mid. i} 'ieii-circi,1it connection is closed enel. the electrically-operated hem nier ie rted in operation.

"t, ln :in clin-ni eye-tem, e hemnier for eounding en cierro hell ,i niecheiricel nic-ve ment for operating id hammer, 'e norn finally-closed electric circuit, 'means for loching Seid mechanical movement in poeition to holdeziicl hammer Ifrom operation, Said means being controlled by said normally closed. electric circuit, plurality of vhatH- teriee in seid normellyclosed circuit, end

, cuit whereby ineens comprised 'in seid normally-.closedcir one of eeid batteries is thrown into circuit er the other buttery is cut out of cnit, 'wht cy 'ic bett-cries ol scifi closed circuit they be t ted without unlocking the locking ineens seid mechenieel movement contrelle `icl normellyeloeetl cir-- cuit.

Him

"8.- .etn alarm system, comprising u hell, :i mechenkelly-operated hummer;` and en electrically-operzited lnnuii'ler adjacent thereto, means for holding said mechaniccllyoperzrted hammer from operation, c easing surrounding said hell and hammers, e normally/closed electric circuit, Ineens whereby the inechuinicaillyoperetedhemmer muy be released by the opening` of seid Vclosed electric circuit, e normallyopen electric circuit, end means whereby the electrieelly-operzited hammer may be Started-in operation by the closing of said open electric circuit or by theopening of Seid closed electric circuit.

9. An. alarm System, comprising e bell,` e hit-miner. adjacent thereto, e mechanic-el. movement for operating scid hammer, means tor locking scid mechanical movenient in position to hold seid hummer from operctiom en electrically-operated hammer adjacent Seid bell, :i casing surounding seid for said mechanical. movement, whereby the mechanicallyoperated hammer muy he started in operation by the opening of said closed circuit, c normallybpen electric circuit controlling the electrically-operated hammer, whereby the electricallyoperated hammer may he started in operation by the closing,r of seid open circuit, the wires of ySeid normally-closed circuit and Said nol-, mellybpen circuitbeing extended es :1 ca,- ble external of Seid.- cesing, end means whereby the electrically-operiited hammer may be started in operation by the opening of Seid closed circuit.

l0. An ehu-in system, comprising :L bellclarm, e` hammer adjacent thereto, a mechanical movement for operating seid hammer, ineens for locking @seid mechzuiicalA movement in position to hold seid hammer from operation, 'en electrically-operuted heinz/ner adjacent the hell-filarin, an outer and en inner casing surrounding the bcll- '110 alerro .find hemmere, a normally-closed .eh-.ietric circuit controlling` Seid locking means for seid. mechanical movement, e normally-open electric circuit controlling said electrcellybpe"ated hammer and com# 'pricing' scid .outer and 'inner ccsinge; the circuit connections between Suid outer :ind inner casings being normally `open, e cable leading to the c: sing for Seid "hell-clarin and seid hammers and comprisieg; the wires? of scid closed electric circuit und the wires of seid open electric circuit, means whereby the mechzmically-operated hammer may be started in operation bythe o ening oi Seid closed circuit, the electriceilybperated hammer be ing started in operation by the closing of whereby the opening of said closed circuit closes seid open circuit and thereby operetes the electricellybperated hammer.

ll. ln anelerm system, e hammer for 'scnnling an alarm bell, a ncrmelly-closed electric circuit, e mechanical movement 'for operating said hemmen, seid mechanical movement being controlled by seid norme-lly-closed electric circuit, en electricallyn operated hammer for sounding en alarm bell, e normallyopen electric circuit, said electricelly-opereted hammer being controllel by seid normally-open electric circuit, ineens whereby the mechanically-operated 4herinner may be started in operation by the opening, of said normally-closed circuit, and Ineens whereby the electricellybpereted herinner 'may be started in opere-tien by theelerm may be sterted'in opereticn by the closing of seid normally-open circuit or by the opening of seid normally-closed circuit.

13. An elerrn system, .comprising mechanically-operated means for sounding en alarm, a normally-closecl electric circuit controlling seid mechanically-operated means, electrically-operated means for sounding en alarm, e normally-open electric circuitv controlling said electrically-operated means, means whereby said mechanically-operated means may be started in operation by the opening of Seid closed en alarm, elec- Leccese circuit, inea-ns whereby sarl electrically-cperetecl means may be started in operation by the closing ci seid enen circuit cr tbe opening of said closed circuit, e separate battery. 0r source of electrical energy for said normally-open circuit, e sepa-rete bel;- i

tery or source of electrical energy scie` normeliyblcsed circuit, and. ineens coinn prised in seid closed circuit for kse centrcilingthe action of the battery or source ci electrical energy of seid closecl circuit that testing of the seme is enebleci Without ren leasinf the mechanically@ .era'tecl nieces controlled by seid clcsecl circuit.

14;. An alarm system, comprising niecha-nicelly--opereted ineens for sonnrling en alcun, e ncriniilly-clcsecl elect circuit ccntrolling seid mecbcnicellybpe ineens, electricellyscpereteci Ineens fer senncling 'en elerm, e normally-open electric circuit ccntrolling. seid Velectrically-cpereteri Ineens, means whereby said recchenicallybperetcci Ineens may be started in operctien by the opening of seid closed circuit, Ineens where by said. electricelly-cperevtecl means may be started in operation by the closing er" said open circuit or by the opening ci vSeidl closed circuit, e seperate bettery for scid normally-open circuit, e plurelit f ef batteries for seid ncrrncllyclosefi circuit, and ineens normally comprised in seid nornielly-closed electric circuit whereby one er" the batteries of said closed circuit is entemeticelly thrown into circuit es the other battery of seid closed circuit is cut cut of circuit. f

In testimony whereof l have signecl my neme te this specification in the presence of.

'two subscribing Witnesses.

MAXlMI-(LIAN F. JUR'CK.

Witnesses: w

Gmini/V. Feminin, JNO. Rime 

